丛枝菌根真菌对铜尾矿上植物生长和矿质营养的影响

通过温室盆栽试验研究了白三叶草(Trifolium repens Linn)和黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)在单独和混合种植情况下单独或混合接种丛枝菌根真菌Glomus mosseae和Glomus versiforme对铜尾矿砂中植物生长和矿质营养的影响.试验结果表明,不同接种处理下均以单独种植白三叶草菌根侵染率较高,平均为25%.在单种和混种情况下,接种处理均显著提高了白三叶草地上部的干物重,但对黑麦草生长影响不明显同时,接种处理显著提高了三叶草植株中的磷含量,同时降低了植株铜含量,但对黑麦草植株体内元素含量影响不明显.两种植物混合种植情况下黑麦草显示了相对竞争优势,而菌根共生体能够提高三叶草的竞争能力.试验初步证明丛枝菌根真菌对于豆科植物适应铜尾矿复合逆境(养分贫瘠和重金属污染),以及在尾矿上重建具有物种多样性的植被具有潜在作用,但有必要进一步筛选耐性菌株,并验证自然条件下菌根真菌的作用潜力.     

钛白生产副产硫酸亚铁的综合利用

对钛白粉生产中的副产物硫酸亚铁进行综合利用 ,以微生物为催化剂 ,在常温常压下用空气为氧化剂氧化硫酸亚铁 ,经水解、聚合反应生成聚合铁。制得的聚合铁酸度低 ,盐基度高 ,对低温低浊水有独特的处理效果     

To enhance the reproduction of Phanerochaete chrysosporium by adding natural lixiviums in liquid medium

Great promotion to the reproduction of white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporlum by adding natural lixiviums such as from wood, maize core and potato in liquid medium was found in this research. Incubated in the liquid medium contained 10 mg/L glucose as carbon source with natural lixiviums for three days, the production of myeelium pellet reaches more than 80 g/L, which is 5 times more than that of without natural lixiviums. Incubated in the liquid medium contained 5 mg/L glucose as carbon source with natural lixiviums for three days, the production of myeelium pellet can reach 69.5 g/L, while the production in the medium without natural lixiviums is very low. When the liquid medium contained 1-20 g/L glucose as carbon source, the production of myeelium pellet in 3 d can only reach 12.5 g/L to 14.5 g/L. The fungus in the medium with potato lixiviums are easily contaminated by other microorganisms and in the medium with maize core lixiviums are easily bulking, while in the medium with wood lixiviums are neither easily contaminated nor bulking. Medium with wood lixiviums can produce more pellet than other medium, endure contamination and keep better sedimentation capacity. So that, wood lixivium is borer additive to the culture of white rot fungi in liquid medium. Addition of the mixture of wood, maize core and potato lixiviums is of advantage to the productian of mycelium pellet. The difference of the production in the medium with different amount of wood lixiviums showed little in the first 3 d, while it esnanded after 3 d. Wood lixiviums stimulate the growth of P. chrysosporium instead of supply organies which fungi need.     

日光辐射对大气真菌粒子的影响

大气中真菌粒子的衰亡和净化，除与真菌自身的因素有关外，与日光辐射也有密切关系。此文现场观测了日光辐射对大气真菌粒子的影响。结果表明，一天内大气真菌粒子浓度与日光辐射强度呈反比：大气真菌粒数直径中值与日光辐射强度呈正比：随着日光辐射强度的增大，＜３．０μｍ的大气真菌粒子，其浓度减小的速度比＞３．０μｍ的快。     

农林复合经营研究──桉树间种山毛豆对林木和土壤的影响

本文研究了桉树人工林间种山毛豆的适应性及其对林木和土壤的影响．结果表明，在一年生桉树人工林下，山毛豆生长正常，以后，随着林地的逐浓荫蔽，生长有逐渐衰退现象；间种山毛豆当年，可能对林木生长有一定影响，但可通过改善间种方式而消除．第二年以后对桉树生长的促进作用逐渐显著；间种山毛豆对提高土壤肥力也有一定作用，对促进林业生产的持续发展有重要意义．     

白腐真菌降解经微电解预处理二硝基重氮酚废水的研究

利用自行培养、驯化的白腐真菌,对经过微电解预处理的二硝基重氮酚(DDNP)废水进行了生物降解试验.结果表明,经过微电解预处理后的DDNP废水(含CODCr467 mg/L)经生化处理108 h后,出水中CODCr在131 mg/L左右,达到国家二级排放标准;其中的苯胺类、硝基类的去除率达到99.9%以上,达到国家一级排放标准.对试验所获得的时间序列进行动力学研究结果证明,白腐真菌降解经微电解预处理后的DDNP废水的反应为准一级动力学反应.     

Peroxidative degradation of selected PCB: a mechanistic study

The enzyme-induced decomposition and biodegradation of PCB were investigated. 2,5-Dichlorobiphenyl (PCB 9) and 2,2^′,5,5^′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB 52) were used as example compounds to study efficiency and mechanism of the degradation processes. It was found that the application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) together with defined amounts of hydrogen peroxide removed 90% of the initial concentration of PCB 9 and 55% of the initial concentration of PCB 52 from an aqueous solution after a reaction period of 220 min. Dechlorination was observed as the initial step. Although the metabolites identified were mainly chlorinated hydroxybiphenyls, benzoic acids and non-substituted 1,1^′-biphenyl, some higher chlorinated biphenyl isomers also appeared. The biodegradation of PCB 9 using the white rot fungus Trametes multicolor took about four weeks and reduction was about 80% of the initial concentration. The metabolites produced (dichlorobenzenes, chlorophenols and alkylated benzenes) were not quite the same as those observed upon incubation with HRP.     

白腐菌在固体培养基下对吲哚和吡啶的降解

研究了稻草秆粉介质中白腐菌对吲哚和吡啶的降解.实验结果表明,质量浓度分别为200、80 mg/L左右的吲哚可被白腐菌去除99%以上,质量浓度为74 mg/L吡啶的去除率为61.5%;白腐菌在稻草秆粉培养体系中对吲哚和吡啶的降解,符合零级反应动力学,其中反应速率常数K(高浓度吲哚)＞K(低浓度吲哚)＞K(吡啶);高低浓度吲哚和吡啶3个降解体系的漆酶活力在第6天达到最大;漆酶在吲哚和吡啶降解过程中起着较重要的作用,但酶活的变化与吲哚和吡啶的相对去除率不呈线性相关,稻草秆粉培养基中的介质和培养环境在降解过程中可能也起着重要作用.     

白腐真菌降解阿维菌素废水的试验研究

利用前期实验筛选出的4株优势白腐真菌，处理阿维菌素废水经厌氧处理后的出水，实验结果表明，白腐真菌对该废水具有较好的处理效果，且其生长特性与处理效果基本正相关。     

白腐菌处理染料废水的研究进展

白腐菌是一种可有效处理染料废水的丝状真菌 ,它可通过其分泌的特殊的降解酶系或其他机制将各种人工合成的染料彻底降解为CO2 和H2 O ,同时 ,对脱色具有良好的作用。本文就白腐菌的生物学特性及其对染料的降解酶系、机理和白腐菌发酵的主要影响因子、白腐菌处理染料废水的有关研究及应用现状进行了综述